eClips Consult Recent Articles: AllSubjects

Early Packed Red Blood Cell Transfusion and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome after Trauma

25 Jul 2010

<![CDATA[Transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) is a risk factor for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in trauma patients. Yet, there is a paucity of information regarding the risk of ARDS with incremental PRBCs exposure.]]>

First transmission of human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 by a cellular blood product after mandatory nucleic acid screening in Germany

25 Jul 2010

<![CDATA[In February 2007, a 63-year-old man underwent surgery. Retrospective testing with nucleic acid testing (NAT) showed that the patient was human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 (HIV-1) positive 10 days after transfusion. The transfusion-transmitted infection had been identified by a donor-related lookback started in April 2007 after anti-HIV seroconversion.]]>

A randomized controlled trial using patient-controlled epidural analgesia with 0.25% versus 0.0625% bupivacaine in nulliparous labor: effect on analgesia requirement and maternal satisfaction

25 Jul 2010

<![CDATA[The effect of epidural local anesthetic concentration on analgesic action is still the subject of debate. This study compared the effect of a four-fold change in concentration of bupivacaine for epidural analgesia in labor.]]>

A genome-wide association study of alcohol dependence

25 Jul 2010

<![CDATA[Excessive alcohol consumption is one of the leading causes of preventable death in the United States. Approximately 14%of those who use alcohol meet criteria during their lifetime for alcohol dependence, which is characterized by tolerance, withdrawal, inability to stop drinking, and continued drinking despite serious psychological or physiological problems. We explored genetic influences on alcohol dependence among 1,897 European-American and African-American subjects with alcohol dependence compared with 1,932 unrelated, alcohol-exposed, nondependent controls. Constitutional DNA of each subject was genotyped using the Illumina 1M beadchip. Fifteen SNPs yielded P<10−5, but in two independent replication series, no SNP passed a replication threshold of P<0.05. Candidate gene GABRA2, which encodes the GABA receptor α2 subunit, was evaluated independently. Five SNPs at GABRA2 yielded nominal (uncorrected) P<0.05, with odds ratios between 1.11 and 1.16. Further dissection of the alcoholism phenotype, to disentangle the influence of comorbid substance-use disorders, will be a next step in identifying genetic variants associated with alcohol dependence (Table 3).]]>

Determination of Immune Memory to Hepatitis B Vaccination Through Early Booster Response in College Students

25 Jul 2010

<![CDATA[The long-term protection of hepatitis B (HB) vaccination has been debated for years. The purpose here was to evaluate the kinetic changes of antibody to HB surface antigen (anti-HBs) and define immune memory of the HB vaccine among college students who had previously received full neonatal immunization against HB. In all, 127 college students aged 18-23 years born after July 1984 who had completed HB vaccination and were seronegative for all three HB viral markers, including HB surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HB core protein (anti-HBc), and anti-HBs, were recruited. They received three doses of HB vaccine at enrollment, 1 month and 6 months after enrollment. Their anti-HBs titers were assayed at enrollment, 7-10 days, 1 month, 6 months, and 7 months following the first dose of HB vaccine. The anti-HBs seroprotective rates for subjects 7-10 days, 1 month, 6 months, and 7 months postvaccination were 20.5%, 75.6%, 94.5%, and 99.2%, respectively. Those who were seroprotective at 7 to 10 days after one dose of HB vaccine booster developed significantly higher levels of anti-HBs at 1 and 6 months than those not developing seroprotective anti-HBs response at an earlier timepoint.]]>

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Epidural Morphine Analgesia After Vaginal Delivery

25 Jul 2010

<![CDATA[Pain after vaginal delivery can interfere with the activities of daily living. We hypothesized that epidural medication administered after delivery would be of benefit for acute postpartum pain management. The objective of this study was to assess whether epidural morphine after vaginal delivery would reduce the analgesic requirements for perineal pain.]]>

A randomized controlled trial of R-salbutamol for topical treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus

25 Jul 2010

<![CDATA[In a recent open pilot trial, R-salbutamol sulphate, a well-known molecule with anti-inflammatory effects, was tested successfully on patients with therapy-resistant discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE).]]>

Complication Rates among Trauma Centers

25 Jul 2010

<![CDATA[The goal of this study was to examine the association between patient complications and admission to Level I trauma centers (TC) compared with nontrauma centers (NTC).]]>

Co-morbidity index predicts for mortality after stereotactic body radiotherapy for medically inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer

25 Jul 2010

<![CDATA[To determine the prognostic role of co-morbidity in medically inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).]]>

Potential clinical utility of polymerase chain reaction in microbiological testing for sepsis

25 Jul 2010

<![CDATA[To evaluate the potential improvement of antimicrobial treatment by utilizing a new multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay that identifies sepsis-relevant microorganisms in blood.]]>